Ácido linoleico conjugado afeta composição corporal, metabolismo e expressão gênica
Resumo
Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática, sem restrição de data, sobre a origem, consumo, efeitos e possíveis mecanismos de ação do ácido linoléico conjugado (CLA) na composição corporal, no metabolismo de lipídeos e de glicose e nutrigenômica. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o possível efeito do CLA na composição corporal e seus possíveis mecanismos de ação fisiológicos. Sabe-se e o CLA está presente em alimentos fontes de gorduras de animais ruminantes e que há grande interesse na comercialização como suplemento. Estudos indicam benefícios do acido linoléico conjugado a saúde, como sendo potencializador da mineralização óssea, modulação do sistema imune, redução do risco cardiovascular e de alguns tipos de câncer. Por outro lado, estudos advertem para a falta de estudos comprovando total segurança na utilização. Observa-se que o CLA pode ser capaz de alterar a composição corporal, porém os mecanismos fisiológicos pelos quais isto acontece parecem ainda não estar bem esclarecidos e, além disso, ainda não há um consenso na utilização, sendo que variáveis sobre a população estudada e delineamento do trabalho podem influenciar nos resultados da ação do CLA. Estudos atuais levam a crer que a modulação gênica possa influenciar nos efeitos fisiológicos do metabolismo e na composição corporal no uso do acido linoléico.
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