Use of probiotics by high-performance athletes: an integrative review
Utilização de probióticos por atletas de alto rendimento
Abstract
Probiotics are microorganisms used in nutritional supplementation, especially to reduce inflammatory, gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. In sports, some evidence demonstrates a reduction in the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections with the administration of probiotics. However, studies addressing its effects on sports performance are still scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the supplementation of probiotics in the physical performance of high-performance athletes and practitioners of physical exercise. This is an integrative review, using the SciELO and PubMed databases to search for articles, using the descriptors: Probiotics, intestinal microbiota, Athletes and Sports Performance with terms in English and Portuguese in the period 2010-2020, a total of nine articles met the eligibility criteria. Studies have shown beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on exercise in athletes and non-athletes, with improved immune system, reduced incidence of respiratory tract infections, anti-inflammatory, attenuation of muscle damage, muscle tension and inflammation. Therefore, the action of probiotics in relation to the immune system, inflammatory status and prevention of respiratory tract infections during exercise was satisfactory, however, regarding sports performance, the results were minimal.
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