supplementation and effects on performance
Abstract
Vitamin D seems to play an important role in muscle function. The literature points out that low levels of this vitamin in athletes can lead to a higher risk of stress fracture, in addition to impairing muscle function and recovery. This work aims to identify the implications of vitamin D deficiency in sport and to analyze the effects of supplementation on blood levels and athletic performance. In this narrative review of the literature, a search for scientific articles was carried out in Pubmed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. The role of vitamin D is related to bone health, immunomodulatory action, acting on immunity, inflammation, in addition to acting on molecular pathway actions in muscles. Studies show high rates of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in athletes from different sports. The reduced levels of this vitamin are observed mainly in athletes who practice indoor sports. In addition, insufficiency and deficiency are more frequent in the winter months. Despite the high rates, vitamin D deficiency does not appear to significantly impact the performance of athletes. Clinical studies with several vitamin D supplementation protocols in athletes point to a considerable improvement in the nutritional status of this vitamin, however, when analyzing performance parameters, this improvement is not significantly observed. There is no evidence that supplementation can improve performance in athletes. Therefore, vitamin D should not be recommended as an ergogenic aid, but to correct deficiencies and improve the general health of athletes.
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