Effects of oxidative stress and the use of supplements in athletes
Abstract
Aim: Verify what the literature says about the effects of oxidative stress and the benefits of the use of antioxidant supplements in athletes. Materialsand Methodology: Between March and September of 2014, review was done of scientific articles indexed in the electronic databases PubMed, Scielo and Bireme. The review was directed toward publications in English and Portuguese about studies of humans and animals between 2000 and 2014. Results: The literature shows that exhaustive physical exercise sharply increases the metabolic activity of the athlete's organism. Biochemical and physiological alterations occur that can result in oxidative damage to the components of the cell, which is known as oxidative stress. High-intensity exercise elevates the production of reactive oxygen species, inducing the reduction of antioxidant levels and the increase of lipid peroxidation markers. The studies verify that the use of antioxidant supplements reduces oxidative damage induced by exercise but without blocking the cellular adaption. Conclusion: The intensity and duration of physical exercise could be important factors in the evaluation of the formation of oxidative stress, which could lead to the increase of the formation of highly reactive molecules.
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