Vitamina D e sport: carenza, integrazione ed effetti sulla performance

  • Danilo Rodrigues Machado Nutricionista especialista em Nutrição, Metabolismo e Fisiologia do Exercício Físico pela Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil.
  • Guilherme Giannini Artioli Doutor em Educação Física pela Escola de Educação Física e Esporte-USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
Parole chiave: Vitamina D, Carenza, Supplementazione, Prestazione atletica

Abstract

La vitamina D sembra svolgere un ruolo importante nella funzione muscolare. La letteratura sottolinea che bassi livelli di questa vitamina negli atleti possono portare a un maggior rischio di fratture da stress, oltre a compromettere la funzione muscolare e il recupero. Questo lavoro mira a identificare le implicazioni della carenza di vitamina D nello sport, nonché ad analizzare gli effetti dell'integrazione sui livelli ematici e sulle prestazioni atletiche. In questa revisione narrativa della letteratura, è stata effettuata una ricerca di articoli scientifici nei database Pubmed e Virtual Health Library (VHL). Il ruolo della vitamina D è legato alla salute delle ossa, all'azione immunomodulante, all'azione sull'immunità innata e acquisita, all'infiammazione, oltre ad agire sulle vie molecolari nei muscoli. Gli studi mostrano alti tassi di insufficienza e carenza di vitamina D negli atleti di diversi sport. Livelli ridotti di questa vitamina si osservano soprattutto negli atleti che praticano sport indoor. Inoltre, l'insufficienza e la carenza tendono ad essere più frequenti nei mesi invernali. Nonostante gli alti tassi, la carenza di vitamina D non sembra avere un impatto significativo sulle prestazioni degli atleti. Studi clinici con diversi protocolli di integrazione di vitamina D negli atleti indicano un notevole miglioramento dello stato nutrizionale di questa vitamina, ma quando si analizzano i parametri delle prestazioni, questo miglioramento non viene osservato in modo significativo. Non ci sono prove che l'integrazione possa migliorare le prestazioni negli atleti. Pertanto, la vitamina D non dovrebbe essere raccomandata come risorsa ergogenica, ma per correggere le carenze e migliorare la salute generale degli atleti.

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Pubblicato
2022-11-15
Come citare
Machado, D. R., & Artioli, G. G. (2022). Vitamina D e sport: carenza, integrazione ed effetti sulla performance. RBNE - Giornale Brasiliano Di Nutrizione Sportiva, 16(100), 424-438. Recuperato da https://www.rbne.com.br/index.php/rbne/article/view/2045
Sezione
Articoli scientifici - Revisione

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